Vulcanization of rubber and method of producing same



was Feb. 8, 927. aeiaeei am sraras PATENT orm-cs.

LORIN B. SEBRELL, or OHIO, "AssIGNon TO THE OOD EAR. TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY, OF. AKRON, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

VULCANIZATION- OF RUBBER AND METHOD OF PRODUCING SAME.

No Drawing. Application filed November 8, 1924. Serial No. 748,766.

My invention relates to the vulcanization, of ingredients 100 parts rubber, parts gas or curing, of. rubber and rubber comblack, 20 parts activator (ZnO), 5 parts sulpounds; and it has, for its primary object, fur, 6 parts uiperazine and stearicacid, a the provision of accelerators, which are good cure was obtainedv in an hour. In each 5 very effective as aids to vulcanization. More of the examples given, steam at 40 pounds particularly, it is related to the use of acpressure was used as the source of heat. celerators which are essentially cyclic bases, \Vhile my invention-may be practiced withembodying carbon and nitrogen in their ring out the use. of an activator, I prefer to emstructures, and the derivatives formed thereploy one because it materially adds to the In from. quality of the product and shortens the time 00 Piperazine is such a cyclic base, and required to cure thestock. Such materials though in this form it possesses some undef as the oxides and many of the salts of zinc sirable qualities when used as anjacceleraor lead generally serve in this capacity. it is p r in Its p q y to Y In the above examples, I have specifical Canlze a rubber Product and glve-s agmg ly 'usedpiperazine (diethylene diimine) qualities so much better than many accelera- Whose f l i tors now in common use, that its'undesirable features can be overlooked, or evaded -H NH without unjustifiable' expense. When it \CHHEH v comes in cdntact w air, It is understood, however, that similar 'orlIydI'OUS form not only; absorbs moisture but ganic bases could be used, uch for e illSO CHIbOIl dioxide; 01] the other hand, the ample as limethylene diimine, lipro pyleng hexahydrate is reasonably stable. melts diimine or higher homologues or combing.

at 44 C. and boils at 125, ivmg up Its tions thereof, such for example as ethylene 25 water of crystallization to orm the anpropylene diimine, having the following hydrous base (M. 104 C.B. P. 145 0.). f r l Besides the reaction with carbon dioxide, piperazine reacts with acids, phenols, aldehydes, aldols, carbon bisulfide, diazo solui v .50 tions and sodium hypochloriteto form ma- It is apparenttherefore that thesematerlals terials many of which possess accelerating have thefollowmg general formula: I

properties. ch11 As above stated, this base is not stable HN NH toward atmospheric conditions, however, 1t m p 35 forms many derivatives, which in some 1n- Where 1% and m may 1 may not be equal.

stances have lost some of their capacity as As many apparently widely different emaccelerators, nevertheless, they are more bodiments of this invention maybe made easily handled. Examples of these de1 iva' without departing from the spirit thereof, it tives are the reaction products formed when is understood that the invention should not 4 piperazine (diethylene diimine) react with be limited to the specific examples herein set carbon bisulfide, diazo-benzene-chloride, alforth, nor should it be limited or made dedehydes, aldols, fatty acids or the weaker pendent upon the soundness of any theory inorganic acids such as boric and others. presented by way of explanation. Further- In a product whose ratio of ingredients more, although I have specifically. described is:. parts rubber, 5 parts activator accelerators that may be utilized in promot- (ZnO,) 6 parts sulfur, 1 partaccelerator, ing the vulcanlzation of rubber, it is obvious I have found that piperazine gives a cure' that minor changes maybe made in the apin less than ten minutes while its carbon biplication of the principles of my'invention 'sulfide derivative requires an hour. without departing from the scope thereof,

W In a mixturehaving the following ratio and I desire, therefore, that only such limi- 10o tations shall be imposed as are required by prior art and the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. A method of accelerating the vulcanization of rubber that consists in vulcanizing the same in the presence of amaterial having-the general structure n in In Q m plyin heat thereto.

K method of vulcanizing caoutchouc that'comprises admixing caoutchouc with a vulcanizing agent and an activator, RICO!- porating insuch mixture diethylene-diimine and applying heat thereto.

4. A method of Vulcamzing caoutchouc that comprises admixing caoutchoiic with a vulcanizing agent and an activator, incor-' porating in such mixture a derivative of dicthylene diimine and applying heat thereto. 5. A method of vulcanizing caoutchouc that comprises admixing caoutchouc with a vulcanizing went and an activator incor-. poratin therein a saltof diethylene-diirnine and app ying heat thereto.

6. A- method of vulcanizing caoutehouc that comprises admixing caoutchouc with a vulcanizing agent andan activator, incormarc es porating therein diethylene-diimine stearate and applying heat thereto.

-7. An article of manufacture obtained by vulcanizing a rubber mixture in the presence of an organic base having the general formula:

and? n H In lm or any ofits derivatives.

8. A vulcanized product formed by the reaction of caoutchouc, a vulcanizing agent, an activator and a strong cyclic base embodying two atoms of nitrogen in its saturated ring structure or derivatives thereof.

9. A vulcanized product formed by the reaction of caoutchouc, a vulcanizing agent, an activator and a salt of a cyclic base embodyingtwo atoms of nitrogen in its carbon ring structure.

10. A vulcanized product formed by the reaction-of caoutchouc, a vulcanizing agent, and activator and diethylene-dnmlne.

11. A vulcanized product formed by the reaction of caoutchouc, a vulcanizing, agent,

an activator and a saltof diethylene-diimine. 12. A vulcanized product formed by the reaction of caoutchouc, a vulcanizing agent, an activator and diethylene-diimine stearate. 13. A vulcanized product formed by the reaction of caoutchouc a vulcanizing agent,

an activator and a dnnnne. v In witness whereof, I have hereon signed my name.

- LORIN B. SEBRELL' derivative of diethylene- 

